Smallpox skin scar2/25/2024 ![]() ![]() “There are two related types, or clades, of monkeypox virus,” said Stanley Deresinski, MD, clinical professor of infectious disease at Stanford Medicine. The mpox virus spreads from one person to another primarily through bodily fluids including saliva and semen close skin-to-skin contact or prolonged exposures to large respiratory droplets or contaminated materials, such as an infected person’s bedding. Until recently, transfer of the virus between humans was thought to be relatively uncommon the longest documented chain of infection from one person to another had involved six people. Since then, the virus has mainly infected people in central and western Africa, most often after they come into contact with an infected animal - usually squirrels, rodents and monkeys that live in tropical rainforests. The mpox virus, which was first found in monkeys used for research in Denmark in 1958, is not new to humans: The first patient with mpox was reported in central Africa in 1970. Each of these diseases causes a characteristic skin rash that can be accompanied by fever, head and muscle aches, swollen lymph nodes, and exhaustion. The mpox virus, formerly known as the monkeypox virus, is related to the viruses that cause smallpox and cowpox. What is mpox and where is it usually found? But the mpox virus differs in several ways from the virus that causes COVID-19, limiting its ability to cause similar chaos and loss of life. In the face of a global COVID-19 pandemic, it would be easy to view these developments with anxiety. government declared the spread of monkeypox a national public health emergency. On July 23, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak “a public health emergency of international concern.” New York City and San Francisco, as well as New York state, California and Illinois, soon declared their own emergencies and, on Aug. Now, several months later, thousands of cases have been identified around the globe, in countries where the virus is not usually found. In May, the first reports about mpox circulating in Europe began to surface. Note: This article was originally published June 10, 2022, and was updated Sept. ![]()
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